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This corresponds to a large fraction of the fuel carbon in the extremely rich fuel vapor core being sampled as particulate (as soot and condensed HC species).
The unsteady liquid-fuel jet phenomena-atomization, liquid jet and droplet motion, fuel vaporization, air entrainment, fuel-air mixing, and the ignition chemistry-all play a role in the heat-release process (see Chap. 10).
Mixture preparation can be limited by the availability of either fuel vapor or air, the former limited by droplet evaporation and the latter by air entrainment.
Outer zones are diluted with air and inner zones are added as fuel vaporizes and mixes, as injection and combustion proceeds.
The processes which occur within each element are also illustrated in Fig, 14-19, The fuel drops evaporate and fuel vapor mixes with entrained air.
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